Mridaparikshan :
On 18 th June, we have started the working on other assignments in soil testing lab, we have tested 10 samples everyday. We have checked the quantity of soil nutrients present in the soil of different region. We have performed various procedures to test the quantity of Fe, K, S, B, Zn, OC, N, pH, etc. in soil. For test determination of soil first we was using prerana model but now we used mridaparikshak. Mridaparikshk is developed by ICAR-IISS Bhopal.
Soil testing :It refers to one or more of a wide variety of soil analysis conducted for one of the several possible reasons.
Soil analysis : In agriculture, a soil test commonaly refers to the analysis of soil samples to determine nutrients content, composition and other characteristics such as the acidity or pH level.
Importance of soil testing :
Good crop production often requires the application of lime and fertilizers. Soil testing enables you to find out the makeup of your soil and helps you determined how much lime and fertilizer you need to apply.
Good crop production often requires the application of lime and fertilizers. Soil testing enables you to find out the makeup of your soil and helps you determined how much lime and fertilizer you need to apply.
Material used for the soil testing in soil lab was given as below:-
1.Mridaparikshak.
2.Weighing balance.
3.Spoons.
4. Plastic tubes.
5.Glass tubes.
6.Glass beakers.
7.Plastic beakers.
8.Measuring cylinder.
9.Distilled water.
10.Different chemicals.
11.Filter papers.
12.Marker pen.
13. Funnels.
14.Shaker.
15.Hot plate.
16.sieve
17.syringe.
2.Weighing balance.
3.Spoons.
4. Plastic tubes.
5.Glass tubes.
6.Glass beakers.
7.Plastic beakers.
8.Measuring cylinder.
9.Distilled water.
10.Different chemicals.
11.Filter papers.
12.Marker pen.
13. Funnels.
14.Shaker.
15.Hot plate.
16.sieve
17.syringe.
We have performed the following procedure to test the soil samples :
1.In first step, sieved the selected soil samples.
2.Then weighing the soil samples on weighing balance as per given in manual for different test.
3.After that took the samples into 50 ml plastic tubes and labelled it.
4.Mixed the sample with given chemicals.
5.Filtered the mixture in another tubes using funnels and filter paper.
6.Then we followed the procedure given in manual to test the quantity of Various parameters.
2.Then weighing the soil samples on weighing balance as per given in manual for different test.
3.After that took the samples into 50 ml plastic tubes and labelled it.
4.Mixed the sample with given chemicals.
5.Filtered the mixture in another tubes using funnels and filter paper.
6.Then we followed the procedure given in manual to test the quantity of Various parameters.
The parameters which we had checked from the soil samples are discuss in short as follows :
pH:
Soil pH is a measures of the acidity and alkalinity in soils. pH levels ranges from 5.5-7 is necessary for most plants, however many plants have adapted to thrive at pH values outside the range.
Range should be 6.5-8.5.
Soil pH is a measures of the acidity and alkalinity in soils. pH levels ranges from 5.5-7 is necessary for most plants, however many plants have adapted to thrive at pH values outside the range.
Range should be 6.5-8.5.
Electric conductivity (EC):
It is the measure of amount of salts in soil. (salinity of soil).It is an important factor of soil health. Range should be 0.01-0.80.
It is the measure of amount of salts in soil. (salinity of soil).It is an important factor of soil health. Range should be 0.01-0.80.
Organic carbon (OC) :
It is the amount of carbon found in organic compound and is often used as a non specific indicator of water quality or cleanliness of pharmaceutical manufacturing equipment. Range should be 0.41-0.60
It is the amount of carbon found in organic compound and is often used as a non specific indicator of water quality or cleanliness of pharmaceutical manufacturing equipment. Range should be 0.41-0.60
How to increase OC:
1.Grow high yield.,high biomass crops and pastures and in continuous cropping system maximize crop frequency to increase organic matter returns to soil.
2.Maintain soil fertility with inorganic and organic fertilizer to maximize production.
3.It available locally, impart manures /compost or other organic amendment.
2.Maintain soil fertility with inorganic and organic fertilizer to maximize production.
3.It available locally, impart manures /compost or other organic amendment.
Nitrogen :
It is important building block of protein, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituent which are essential for all forms of life. Range should be
It is important building block of protein, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituent which are essential for all forms of life. Range should be
How to increase :-
1.Adding composted manures to the soil. 2.Planting a green manure crop, such as borage.
3.Planting nitrogen fixing plants like peas or beans.
4.Adding coffee grounds to the soil.
Potassium :
It is an essential plant nutrients and is required in large amount for proper growth and reproduction of plants.
How to increase :-
It is an essential plant nutrients and is required in large amount for proper growth and reproduction of plants.
How to increase :-
1.Add compost with fruits and vegetables waste.
2.Mix wood ash into soil.
3.Used greensand.
4.Add granite dust.
5.Try Sul-Po-Mag.
Zinc:
It is essential micronutrient in plant life. In Minnesota, while some of soils are capable of supplying adequate amount for crop production adding zinc fertilizer is needed for other.
It is essential micronutrient in plant life. In Minnesota, while some of soils are capable of supplying adequate amount for crop production adding zinc fertilizer is needed for other.
Iron :
Iron is involved when a plant produces chlorophyll, which gives the plant oxygen as well as it's health green colour.
Iron is involved when a plant produces chlorophyll, which gives the plant oxygen as well as it's health green colour.
Boron :
It is most widespread micronutrient deficiency around the world and causes large losses in crop production and crop quality. Deficiency in boron affects the growth and reduced fertility. Range should be 0.50-0.60.
It is most widespread micronutrient deficiency around the world and causes large losses in crop production and crop quality. Deficiency in boron affects the growth and reduced fertility. Range should be 0.50-0.60.
Sulphur :
It is the important part of protein needed to sustain life in all biological organism.
It is the important part of protein needed to sustain life in all biological organism.
Phosphorus :
It is one of the three nutrients generally added to soil in fertilizer. One of the main role of P in living organism is transfer of energy.
It is one of the three nutrients generally added to soil in fertilizer. One of the main role of P in living organism is transfer of energy.
Example :-
Farmer name :A
Test :
pH=8.58
EC =0.244%
OC=0.62%
N=207.6kg/ha
P=70.60 Kg/ha
K=398.70kg /ha
Zn=0.37
B=7.45Mg/kg
S=115
Fe=9.40Mg/kg
From above test we concluded that the soil having least or excessive amount of any parameters from the above the soil fertility get reduced. Therefore,to increase the soil fertility following process should be followed :
Ex. Potassium
It plays roles in photosynthesis and food formation as well as transport and storage of plant food.
Symptoms :- The most common symptoms of plant potassium deficiency is yellowing of older plant leave along the edges and between the veins.
Remedy :-Improve the availability of potassium by ensuring yours soil is well drained and aerated also plants are receiving adequate water.
Farmer name :A
Test :
pH=8.58
EC =0.244%
OC=0.62%
N=207.6kg/ha
P=70.60 Kg/ha
K=398.70kg /ha
Zn=0.37
B=7.45Mg/kg
S=115
Fe=9.40Mg/kg
From above test we concluded that the soil having least or excessive amount of any parameters from the above the soil fertility get reduced. Therefore,to increase the soil fertility following process should be followed :
Ex. Potassium
It plays roles in photosynthesis and food formation as well as transport and storage of plant food.
Symptoms :- The most common symptoms of plant potassium deficiency is yellowing of older plant leave along the edges and between the veins.
Remedy :-Improve the availability of potassium by ensuring yours soil is well drained and aerated also plants are receiving adequate water.
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